Performance of induction module cavity ring-down spectroscopy (IM-CRDS) for measuring δ<SUP>18</SUP>O and δ<SUP>2</SUP>H values of soil, stem, and leaf waters

RATIONALE: Induction module cavity ring-down spectroscopy (IM-CRDS) has been proposed as a rapid and cost-effective alternative to cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) for the measurement of delta O-18 and delta H-2 values in matrix-bound waters. In the current study, we characterized the performance of IM-CRDS relative to CVD and IRMS and investigated the mechanisms responsible for differences between the methods.