Skip to main content
Home

Navigation Menu

  • Back
  • About
    • Back
    • About

      Contact Us

      Business Address
      5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW

      Washington , DC 20015
      United States place Map
      Call Us (202) 387-640
    • Who We Are
      • Back
      • Leadership
      • Board & Advisory Committee
      • Initiatives
      • Financial Stewardship
      • Awards & Accolades
      • History
    • Connect with Us
      • Back
      • Outreach & Education
      • Newsletter
      • Yearbook
    • Working at Carnegie

    Contact Us

    Business Address
    5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW

    Washington , DC 20015
    United States place Map
    Call Us (202) 387-6400
  • Research
    • Back
    • Research Areas & Topics
    • Research Areas & Topics
      • Back
      • Research Areas
      • From genomes to ecosystems and from planets to the cosmos, Carnegie Science is an incubator for cutting-edge, interdisciplinary research.
      • Astronomy & Astrophysics
        • Back
        • Astronomy & Astrophysics
        • Astrophysical Theory
        • Cosmology
        • Distant Galaxies
        • Milky Way & Stellar Evolution
        • Planet Formation & Evolution
        • Solar System & Exoplanets
        • Telescope Instrumentation
        • Transient & Compact Objects
      • Earth Science
        • Back
        • Earth Science
        • Experimental Petrology
        • Geochemistry
        • Geophysics & Geodynamics
        • Mineralogy & Mineral Physics
      • Ecology
        • Back
        • Ecology
        • Atmospheric Science & Energy
        • Adaptation to Climate Change
        • Water Quality & Scarcity
      • Genetics & Developmental Biology
        • Back
        • Genetics & Developmental Biology
        • Adaptation to Climate Change
        • Developmental Biology & Human Health
        • Genomics
        • Model Organism Development
        • Nested Ecosystems
        • Symbiosis
      • Matter at Extreme States
        • Back
        • Matter at Extreme States
        • Extreme Environments
        • Extreme Materials
        • Mineralogy & Mineral Physics
      • Planetary Science
        • Back
        • Planetary Science
        • Astrobiology
        • Cosmochemistry
        • Mineralogy & Mineral Physics
        • Planet Formation & Evolution
        • Solar System & Exoplanets
      • Plant Science
        • Back
        • Plant Science
        • Adaptation to Climate Change
        • Nested Ecosystems
        • Photosynthesis
        • Symbiosis
    • Divisions
      • Back
      • Divisions
      • Biosphere Sciences & Engineering
        • Back
        • Biosphere Sciences & Engineering
        • About

          Contact Us

          Business Address
          5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW

          Washington , DC 20015
          United States place Map
          Call Us (202) 387-640
        • Research
        • Culture
        • Path to Pasadena
      • Earth & Planets Laboratory
        • Back
        • Earth & Planets Laboratory
        • About

          Contact Us

          Business Address
          5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW

          Washington , DC 20015
          United States place Map
          Call Us (202) 387-640
        • Research
        • Culture
        • Campus
      • Observatories
        • Back
        • Observatories
        • About

          Contact Us

          Business Address
          5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW

          Washington , DC 20015
          United States place Map
          Call Us (202) 387-640
        • Research
        • Culture
        • Campus
    • Instrumentation
      • Back
      • Instrumentation
      • Our Telescopes
        • Back
        • Our Telescopes
        • Magellan Telescopes
        • Swope Telescope
        • du Pont Telescope
      • Observatories Machine Shop
      • EPL Research Facilities
      • EPL Machine Shop
      • Mass Spectrometry Facility
      • Advanced Imaging Facility
  • People
    • Back
    • People
      Observatory Staff

      Featured Staff Member

      Staff Member

      Staff Member

      Professional Title

      Learn More
      Observatory Staff

      Search For

    • Search All People
      • Back
      • Staff Scientists
      • Leadership
      • Biosphere Science & Engineering People
      • Earth & Planets Laboratory People
      • Observatories People
    Observatory Staff
    Dr. Allan Spradling
    Staff Scientist, Emeritus Director

    Featured Staff Member

    Allan Spradling portait

    Dr. Allan Spradling - HHMI

    Staff Scientist, Emeritus Director

    Learn More
    Observatory Staff
    Dr. Allan Spradling
    Staff Scientist, Emeritus Director

    Allan Spradling and his team focus on the biology of reproduction, particularly oogenesis — the process of egg formation.

    Search For

    Search All Staff
  • Events
    • Back
    • Events
    • Search All Events
      • Back
      • Public Events
      • Biosphere Science & Engineering Events
      • Earth & Planets Laboratory Events
      • Observatories Events

    Upcoming Events

    Events

    Events

    Illustration of a black hole
    Public Program

    The Messy Eating Habits of Black Holes

    Dr. Anthony Piro

    May 7

    6:30pm PDT
    Artist rendition of supernova
    Public Program

    From Stellar Death to Cosmic Rebirth: 60 Years of Supernova Study

    Dr. David Vartanyan

    April 15

    6:30pm PDT
    Giant Magellan Telescope
    Public Program

    In the Pursuit of Light: Creating One of the World's Largest Telescopes

    Dr. Rebecca Bernstein

    April 1

    6:30pm PDT
  • News
    • Back
    • News
    • Search All News
      • Back
      • Biosphere Science & Engineering News
      • Earth & Planets Laboratory News
      • Observatories News
      • Carnegie Science News
    News

    Recent News

    News

    Read all News
    John Mulchaey 2025 NLS Talk - Wide
    Breaking News
    April 09, 2025

    Hubble’s Universe Today: John Mulchaey Kicks Off the 2025 Neighborhood Lecture Series

    John M Points to Galaxy.jpg
    Breaking News
    April 09, 2025

    10 Things We Learned About the Universe from John Mulchaey’s Neighborhood Lecture

    Artist's concept of a stellar flare from Proxima Centauri. Credit: NSF/AUI/NSF NRAO/S. Dagnello.
    Breaking News
    March 27, 2025

    Small star, mighty flares: A new view of Proxima Centauri

  • Donate
    • Back
    • Donate
      - ,

    • Make a Donation
      • Back
      • Support Scientific Research
      • The Impact of Your Gift
      • Planned Giving
    Jo Ann Eder

    I feel passionately about the power of nonprofits to bolster healthy communities.

    - Jo Ann Eder , Astronomer and Alumna

    Header Text

    Postdoctoral alumna Jo Ann Eder is committed to making the world a better place by supporting organizations, like Carnegie, that create and foster STEM learning opportunities for all. 

    Learn more arrow_forward
  • Home
  • The impact of the shadow economy on the Country Risk Index

The impact of the shadow economy on the Country Risk Index

Kostova Karaboytcheva, Miroslava; Rubio Andrada, Luis; Pickhardt, M; Prinz, A
2012
TAX EVASION AND THE SHADOW ECONOMY

Get the latest

Subscribe to our newsletters.

Privacy Policy
Home
  • Instagram instagram
  • Twitter twitter
  • Youtube youtube
  • Facebook facebook

Science

  • Biosphere Sciences & Engineering
  • Earth & Planets Laboratory
  • Observatories
  • Research Areas
  • Strategic Initiatives

Legal

  • Financial Statements
  • Conflict of Interest Policy
  • Privacy Policy

Careers

  • Working at Carnegie
  • Scientific and Technical Jobs
  • Postdoctoral Program
  • Administrative & Support Jobs
  • Carnegie Connect (For Employees)

Contact Us

  • Contact Administration
  • Media Contacts

Business Address

5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW

Washington, DC 20015

place Map

© Copyright Carnegie Science 2025