A spindle matrix was proposed to facilitate the assembly of the spindle apparatus decades ago. Due to the difficulty to define its structural nature, the study of the spindle matrix has been both challenging and controversial. Through identifying the spindle matrix proteome, we have uncovered a number of interphase nuclear proteins that regulate mitosis as part of the spindle matrix. I will first describe our studies on how one of these proteins BuGZ, a low complexity protein, undergoes phase transitions to promote the assembly of both the spindle and its matrix. Then I will describe how another spindle matrix protein, lamin-B, functions in mitosis and interphase in the context of tissue building, stem cells, and aging.
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